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Grammar › N2 · 13 Obligation and permission

〜なくてはならない: must; have to

N2 · 13 Obligation and permission

Says that something is necessary or required.

Verb ない-form without い + くてはならない. Very close to 〜なければならない; both are about duty or necessity. Slightly more spoken than ならない. Casual: 〜なくちゃ. Also means 'indispensable' with nouns: なくてはならない存在.

Examples

I have to get up early tomorrow morning.

The report must be submitted this week.

Study 〜なくてはならない in the course →