Grammar › N4 · 03 Obligation, advice & negatives

〜ずに: without doing

N4 · 03 Obligation, advice & negatives

Does something without doing another action; written-style form of ないで.

ない-stem + ずに. する becomes せずに. A bit more formal than 〜ないで. Also means "instead of" in some contexts. ず is the classical negative.

Examples

朝あさごはんを食たべずに学校がっこうへ行いった。

I went to school without eating breakfast.

何なにも言いわずに出でていった。

He left without saying anything.